Everything about Conversion Of Units totally explained
Conversion of units refers to
conversion factors between different
units of measurement for the same
quantity.
Techniques
Dimensioned values
Carrying units through a mathematical operation is sometimes performed.
for example to convert 6 feet into metres. From below one foot is exactly 0.3048 metre. Thus:
» 6 ft × 0.3048 m/ft = 1.8288 m
This leaves only metres, the desired result.
This works because the numerator and denominator describe the same quantity, the factor is equivalent to the number 1. Therefore, multiplication by this factor doesn't change the measured quantity, only its units.
Rounding of results
The process of making a conversion can't produce a more precise result than the original quoted figure. Appropriate rounding of results is normally performed after conversion. (See
significant figures).
In the above example the 0.3048 metre per foot is precise by definition, but the precision of the
answer is determined by the precision of the 6 ft figure and in many cases the result would need rounding perhaps to 1.8 m.
Tables of conversion factors
Legend
| ≡ | definition
|
| = | exactly equal to
|
| ≈ | approximately equal to
|
| (digits) | indicates the digits repeat infinitely
|
Luminance
Length
Length>
| Name of unit |
Symbol |
Definition |
Relation to SI units |
| metre (SI base unit) |
m |
≡ 1 m |
= 1 m |
| ångström |
Å |
= 0.1 nm |
≡ 1 m |
| astronomical unit |
AU |
Mean distance from Earth to the Sun |
= 149 597 870 691 ± 30 m |
| atomic unit of length |
a0 |
≡ Bohr radius of hydrogen |
≈ 5.29 177 208 59 ± 3.6 m |
| barley corn |
|
≡ ⅓ in |
= 0.0846 m |
| Bohr radius |
a0; b |
≡ α/4πR∞ |
≈ 5.291 772 083 ± 19 m |
| cable length (Imperial) |
|
≡ 608 ft |
= 185.3184 m |
| cable length (International) |
|
≡ 1/10 nmi |
= 185.2 m |
| cable length (U.S.) |
|
≡ 720 ft |
= 219.456 m |
| calibre |
cal |
≡ 1 in |
= 0.0254 m |
| chain (Gunter's; Surveyor's) |
ch |
≡ 66.0 ft (4 rods) |
= 20.1168 m |
| chain (Ramsden's; Engineer's) |
ch |
≡ 100 ft |
= 30.48 m |
| cubit |
|
≡ 18 in |
= 0.4572 m |
| ell |
ell |
≡ 45 in |
= 1.143 m |
| fathom |
fm |
≡ 6 ft |
= 1.8288 m |
| fathom |
fm |
≈ 1/1000 nmi |
= 1.852 m |
| fermi |
fm |
≡ 1 m |
= 1 m |
| finger |
|
≡ 7/8 in |
= 0.00022225 m |
| finger (cloth) |
|
≡ 4 ½ in |
= 0.1143 m |
| foot (Benoît) |
ft (Ben) |
|
≈ 0.304 799 735 m |
| foot (Clarke's; Cape) |
ft (Cla) |
|
≈ 0.304 797 265 4 m |
| foot (Indian) |
ft Ind |
|
≈ 0.304 799 514 m |
| foot (International) |
ft |
≡ 12 inches = 1/3 yd |
= 0.3048 m |
| foot (Sear's) |
ft (Sear) |
|
≈ 0.304 799 47 m |
| foot (U.S. Survey) |
ft (US) |
≡ 1200/3937 m |
≈ 0.304 800 610 m |
| french; charriere |
F |
≡ 1/3 mm |
= 3.3 m |
| furlong |
fur |
≡ 10 chains = 660 ft =220 yd |
= 201.168 m |
| geographical mile |
|
≡ 6082 ft |
= 1853.7936 m |
| hand |
|
≡ 4 in |
= 0.1016 m |
| inch |
in |
≡ 1/36 yd = 1/12 ft |
= 0.0254 m |
| league |
lea |
≡ 3 mi |
= 4828.032 m |
| light-day |
|
≡ 24 light-hours |
= 2.590 206 837 12 m |
| light-hour |
|
≡ 60 light-minutes |
= 1.079 252 848 8 m |
| light-minute |
|
≡ 60 light-seconds |
= 1.798 754 748 m |
| light-second |
|
|
≡ 2.997 924 58 m |
| light-year |
l.y. |
≡ c0 × 86 400 × 365.25 |
= 9.460 730 472 580 8 m |
| line |
ln |
≡ 1/12 in (Klein 1988, 63) |
≈ 0,00 002 116 667 m |
| link (Gunter's; Surveyor's) |
lnk |
≡ 1/100 ch |
= 0.201 168 m |
| link (Ramsden's; Engineer's) |
lnk |
≡ 1 ft |
= 0.3048 m |
| mickey |
|
≡ 1/200 in |
= 1.27 m |
| micron |
µ |
|
≡ 1 m |
| mil; thou |
mil |
≡ 1 in |
= 2.54 m |
| mil (Sweden and Norway) |
mil |
≡ 10 km |
= 10000 m |
| mile |
mi |
≡ 1760 yd = 5280 ft |
= 1609.344 m |
| mile (U.S. Survey) |
mi |
≡ 5280 ft (US) |
= 5280 × 1200/3937 m ≈ 1609.347 219 m |
| nail (cloth) |
|
≡ 2 ¼ in |
= 0.000 571 5 m |
| nautical league |
NL; nl |
≡ 3 nmi |
= 5556 m |
| nautical mile(international) |
NM; nmi |
≡ 1852 m |
1852 m |
| nautical mile (Admiralty) |
NM (Adm); nmi (Adm) |
≡ 6080 ft |
≡ 1853.184 m |
| pace |
|
≡ 2.5 ft |
= 0.762 m |
| palm |
|
≡ 3 in |
= 0.000 762 m |
| parsec |
pc |
|
= 3.08567782 ± 6 m |
| point (ATA) |
pt |
≡ 0.013837 in |
= 0.003 514 598 m |
| point (Didot; European) |
pt |
|
≡ 0.00 376 065 m |
| point (metric) |
pt |
≡ 3/8 mm |
= 0.00 375 m |
| point (PostScript) |
pt |
≡ 1/72 in |
≈ 0.00 352 778 m |
| quarter |
|
≡ ¼ yd |
= 0.2286 m |
| rod; pole; perch |
rd |
≡ 16 ½ ft |
= 5.0292 m |
| rope |
rope |
≡ 20 ft |
= 6.096 m |
| span |
|
≡ 6 in |
= 0.1524 m |
| span (cloth) |
|
≡ 9 in |
= 0.2286 m |
spat(External Link ) |
|
≡ 1012 m |
= 1×1012 m |
| stick |
|
≡ 2 in |
= 0.05 08 m |
| stigma; pm |
|
≡ 1 m |
≡ 1 m |
| telegraph mile |
mi |
≡ 6087 ft |
= 1855.3176 m |
| twip |
twp |
≡ 1/1440 in |
≈ 1.763 889 m |
| x unit; siegbahn |
xu |
|
≈ 1.0021 m |
| yard (International) |
yd |
≡3 ft ≡ 36 in |
= 0.9144 m |
= 0.001 m³ |
| lambda |
λ |
≡ 1 mm³ |
= 1 m³ |
| drop (metric) |
|
≡ 1/20 mL |
= 5 m³ |
| minim (Imperial) |
min |
≡ 1/480 fl oz (Imp) = 1/60 fl dr (Imp) |
≈ 5.9 193 880 208 333 m³ |
| minim (U.S.) |
min |
≡ 1/480 US fl oz = 1/60 US fl dr |
= 6.1 611 519 921 875 m³ |
| drop (U.S.) (alt) |
gtt |
≡ 1/456 US fl oz |
≈ 6.4 854 231 m³ |
| drop (Imperial) (alt) |
gtt |
≡ 1/1824 gi (Imp) |
≈ 7.7 886 684 m³ |
| drop (U.S.) |
gtt |
≡ 1/360 US fl oz |
= 8.2 148 693 229 16 m³ |
| drop (medical) |
|
≡ 1/12 mL |
= 83 m³ |
| drop (Imperial) |
gtt |
≡ 1/288 fl oz (Imp) |
= 9.8 656 467 0138 m³ |
| dash (U.S.) |
|
≡ 1/96 US fl oz = ½ US pinch |
= 0.0308 057 599 609 375 m³ |
| dash (Imperial) |
|
≡ 1/384 gi (Imp) = ½ pinch (Imp) |
= 0.0369 961 751 302 083 m³ |
| pinch (U.S.) |
|
≡ 1/48 US fl oz = ⅛ US tsp |
= 0.0616 115 199 218 75 m³ |
| pinch (Imperial) |
|
≡ 1/192 gi (Imp) = ⅛ tsp (Imp) |
= 0.0739 923 502 604 16 m³ |
| fluid scruple (Imperial) |
fl s |
≡ 1/24 fl oz (Imp) |
= 0.1183 877 604 16 m³ |
| fluid drachm (Imperial) |
fl dr |
≡ ⅛ fl oz (Imp) |
= 0.3551 632 812 5 m³ |
| fluid dram (U.S.); U.S. fluidram |
fl dr |
≡ ⅛ US fl oz |
= 0.3696 691 195 312 5 m³ |
| teaspoon (Canadian) |
tsp |
≡ 1/6 fl oz (Imp) |
≈ 0.4735 510 416 667 m³ |
| teaspoon (U.S.) |
tsp |
≡ 1/6 US fl oz |
= 0.4928 921 595 m³ |
| teaspoon (metric) |
|
|
≡ 0.5 m³ |
| teaspoon (Imperial) |
tsp |
≡ 1/24 gi (Imp) |
= 0.5919 388 020 83 m³ |
| dessertspoon (Imperial) |
|
≡ 1/12 gi (Imp) |
= 1.1838 776 0416 m³ |
| tablespoon (Canadian) |
tbsp |
≡ ½ fl oz (Imp) |
= 1.4206 531 25 m³ |
| tablespoon (U.S.) |
tbsp |
≡ ½ US fl oz |
= 1.4786 764 782 5 m³ |
| tablespoon (metric) |
|
|
≡ 1.5 m³ |
| cubic inch |
cu in |
≡ 1 in × 1 in × 1 in |
= 1.6387 064 m³ |
| tablespoon (Imperial) |
tbsp |
≡ 5/8 fl oz (Imp) |
= 1.7758 164 0625 m³ |
| pony |
|
≡ 3/4 US fl oz |
= 2.218 014 717 187 5 m³ |
| fluid ounce (Imperial) |
fl oz (Imp) |
≡ 1/160 gal (Imp) |
= 2.8413 062 5 m³ |
| fluid ounce (U.S.) |
US fl oz |
≡ 1/128 gal (US) |
= 2.9573 529 5625 m³ |
| shot |
|
≡ 1 US fl oz |
= 2.9573 529 5625 m³ |
| jigger |
|
≡ 1½ US fl oz |
= 4.4360 294 343 75 m³ |
| gill (U.S.) |
gi (US) |
≡ 4 US fl oz |
= 11.8294 118 25 m³ |
| gill (Imperial); Noggin |
gi (Imp); nog |
≡ 5 fl oz (Imp) |
= 14.2065 312 5 m³ |
| cup (Canadian) |
c (CA) |
≡ 8 fl oz (Imp) |
= 22.73045 m³ |
| cup (U.S.) |
c (US) |
≡ 8 US fl oz ≡ 1/16 gal (US) |
= 23.6588 2365 m³ |
| cup (metric) |
c |
|
≡ 25.0 m³ |
| breakfast cup |
|
≡ 10 fl oz (Imp) |
= 28.4130 625 m³ |
| pint (U.S. fluid) |
pt (US fl) |
≡ ⅛ gal (US) |
= 47.3176 473 m³ |
| pint (U.S. dry) |
pt (US dry) |
≡ 1/64 bu (US lvl) ≡ ⅛ gal (US dry) |
= 0.000 550 610 471 3575 m³ |
| pint (Imperial) |
pt (Imp) |
≡ ⅛ gal (Imp) |
= 0.000 568 261 25 m³ |
| fifth |
|
≡ 1/5 US gal |
= 0.000 757 082 356 8 m³ |
| quart (U.S. fluid) |
qt (US) |
≡ ¼ gal (US fl) |
= 0.000 946 352 946 m³ |
| quart (U.S. dry) |
qt (US) |
≡ 1/32 bu (US lvl) = ¼ gal (US dry) |
= 0.001 101 220 942 715 m³ |
| quart (Imperial) |
qt (Imp) |
≡ ¼ gal (Imp) |
= 0.001 136 522 5 m³ |
| pottle; quartern |
|
≡ ½ gal (Imp) = 80 fl oz (Imp) |
= 0.002 273 045 m³ |
| board-foot |
fbm |
≡ 144 cu in |
= 0.002 359 737 216 m³ |
| gallon (U.S. fluid; Wine) |
gal (US) |
≡ 231 cu in |
= 0.003 785 411 784 m³ |
| gallon (U.S. dry) |
gal (US) |
≡ ⅛ bu (US lvl) |
= 0.004 404 883 770 86 m³ |
| gallon (Imperial) |
gal (Imp) |
≡ |
= 0.004 546 09 m³ |
| beer gallon |
beer gal |
≡ 282 cu in |
= 0.004 621 152 048 m³ |
| peck (U.S. dry) |
pk |
≡ ¼ US lvl bu |
= 0.008 809 767 541 72 m³ |
| peck (Imperial) |
pk |
≡ 2 gal (Imp) |
= 0.009 092 18 m³ |
| bucket (Imperial) |
bkt |
≡ 4 gal (Imp) |
= 0.018 184 36 m³ |
| timber foot |
|
≡ 1 cu ft |
= 0.028 316 846 592 m³ |
| cubic foot |
cu ft |
≡ 1 ft × 1 ft × 1 ft |
= 0.028 316 846 592 m³ |
| firkin |
|
≡ 9 gal (US) |
= 0.034 068 706 056 m³ |
| bushel (U.S. dry level) |
bu (US lvl) |
≡ 2150.42 cu in |
= 0.035 239 070 166 88 m³ |
| bushel (Imperial) |
bu (Imp) |
≡ 8 gal (Imp) |
= 0.036 368 72 m³ |
| bushel (U.S. dry heaped) |
bu (US) |
≡ 1 ¼ bu (US lvl) |
= 0.044 048 837 708 6 m³ |
| strike (U.S.) |
|
≡ 2 bu (US lvl) |
= 0.070 478 140 333 76 m³ |
| strike (Imperial) |
|
≡ 2 bu (Imp) |
= 0.072 737 44 m³ |
| kilderkin |
|
≡ 18 gal (Imp) |
= 0.081 829 62 m³ |
| sack (U.S.) |
|
≡ 3 bu (US lvl) |
= 0.105 717 210 500 64 m³ |
| sack (Imperial); bag |
|
≡ 3 bu (Imp) |
= 0.109 106 16 m³ |
| barrel (U.S. dry) |
bl (US) |
≡ 105 qt (US) = 105/32 bu (US lvl) |
= 0.115 628 198 985 075 m³ |
| barrel (U.S. fluid) |
fl bl (US) |
≡ 31½ gal (US) |
= 0.119 240 471 196 m³ |
| coomb |
|
≡ 4 bu (Imp) |
= 0.145 474 88 m³ |
| barrel (petroleum) |
bl; bbl |
≡ 42 gal (US) |
= 0.158 987 294 928 m³ |
| barrel (Imperial) |
bl (Imp) |
≡ 36 gal (Imp) |
= 0.163 659 24 m³ |
| hogshead (U.S.) |
hhd (US) |
≡ 2 fl bl (US) |
= 0.238 480 942 392 m³ |
| seam |
|
≡ 8 bu (US lvl) |
= 0.281 912 561 335 04 m³ |
| quarter; pail |
|
≡ 8 bu (Imp) |
= 0.290 949 76 m³ |
| hogshead (Imperial) |
hhd (Imp) |
≡ 2 bl (Imp) |
= 0.327 318 48 m³ |
| cord-foot |
|
≡ 16 cu ft |
= 0.453 069 545 472 m³ |
| butt, pipe |
|
≡ 126 gal (wine) |
= 0.476 961 884 784 m³ |
| perch |
per |
≡ 16½ ft × 1½ ft × 1 ft |
= 0.700 841 953 152 m³ |
| cubic yard |
cu yd |
≡ 27 cu ft |
= 0.764 554 857 984 m³ |
| tun |
|
≡ 252 gal (wine) |
= 0.953 923 769 568 m³ |
| displacement ton |
|
≡ 35 cu ft |
= 0.991 089 630 72 m³ |
| water ton |
|
≡ 28 bu (Imp) |
= 1.018 324 16 m³ |
| freight ton |
|
≡ 40 cu ft |
= 1.132 673 863 68 m³ |
| wey (U.S.) |
|
≡ 40 bu (US lvl) |
= 1.409 562 806 675 2 m³ |
| load |
|
≡ 50 cu ft |
= 1.415 842 329 6 m³ |
| register ton |
|
≡ 100 cu ft |
= 2.831 684 659 2 m³ |
| last |
|
≡ 80 bu (Imp) |
= 2.909 497 6 m³ |
| cord (firewood) |
|
≡ 8 ft × 4 ft × 4 ft |
= 3.624 556 363 776 m³ |
| cubic fathom |
cu fm |
≡ 1 fm × 1 fm × 1 fm |
= 6.116 438 863 872 m³ |
| acre-inch |
|
≡ 1 ac × 1 in |
= 102.790 153 128 96 m³ |
| cubic mile |
cu mi |
≡ 1 mi × 1 mi × 1 mi |
= 4,168,181,825.440 579 584 m³ |
Angle
Solid angle
Mass
Note: see Weight for detail of mass/weight distinction and conversion
Mass>
| Name of unit |
Symbol |
Definition |
Relation to SI units |
| kilogram, grave(SI base unit) |
|
|
= 1kg |
| electron rest mass |
me |
|
≈ 9.109 381 88 ± 72 kg |
| atomic unit of mass |
amu |
≡ me |
≈ 9.109 381 88 ± 72 kg |
| unified atomic mass unit |
u |
|
≈ 1.660 538 73 ± 13 kg |
| dalton |
Da |
|
≈ 1.660 902 10 ± 13 kg |
| gamma |
γ |
|
≡ 1 kg |
| point |
|
≡ 1/100 kt (metric) |
= 2 kg |
| mite |
|
≡ 1/20 gr |
= 3.239 945 5 kg |
| mite (metric) |
|
≡ 1/20 g |
= 50 kg |
| grain |
gr |
|
≡ 64.798 91 kg |
| crith |
|
|
≈ 89.9349 kg |
| carat (metric) |
ct |
|
≡ 200 kg |
| carat |
kt |
≡ 3 1/6 gr |
≈ 205.196 548 333 kg |
| sheet |
|
≡ 1/700 lb av |
= 647.9891 kg |
| scruple (apothecary) |
s ap |
≡ 20 gr |
= 1.295 978 2 kg |
| pennyweight |
dwt; pwt |
≡ 1/20 oz t |
= 1.555 173 84 kg |
| dram (avoirdupois) |
dr av |
≡ 27 11/32 gr |
= 1.771 845 195 312 5 kg |
| dram (apothecary; troy) |
dr t |
≡ 60 gr |
= 3.887 934 6 kg |
| hyl (CGS unit) |
|
≡ 1 gee × 1 g × 1 s²/m |
= 9.806 65 kg |
| ounce (avoirdupois) |
oz av |
≡ 1/16 lb |
= 28.349 523 125 kg |
| assay ton (short) |
AT |
≡ 1 mg × 1 sh tn ÷ 1 oz t |
≈ 29.166 667 kg |
| ounce (apothecary; troy) |
oz t |
≡ 1/12 lb t |
= 31.103 476 8 kg |
| assay ton (long) |
AT |
≡ 1 mg × 1 long tn ÷ 1 oz t |
≈ 32.666 667 kg |
| mark |
|
≡ 8 oz t |
= 248.827 814 4 kg |
| pound (troy) |
lb t |
≡ 5760 grains |
= 0.373 241 721 6 kg |
| pound (avoirdupois) |
lb av |
≡ 7000 grains |
= 0.453 592 37 kg |
| pound (metric) |
|
|
≡ 0.5 kg |
| clove |
|
≡ 8 lb av |
= 3.628 738 96 kg |
| stone |
st |
≡ 14 lb av |
= 6.350 293 18 kg |
| hyl (MKS unit) |
|
≡ 1 gee × 1 kg × 1 s²/m |
= 9.806 65 kg |
| quarter (Imperial) |
|
≡ 1/4 long cwt = 2 st = 28 lb av |
= 12.700 586 36 kg |
| slug; geepound |
slug |
≡ 1 gee × 1 lb av × 1 s²/ft |
≈ 14.593 903 kg |
| bag (Portland cement) |
|
≡ 94 lb av |
= 42.637 682 78 kg |
| short hundredweight; cental |
sh cwt |
≡ 100 lb av |
= 45.359 237 kg |
| long hundredweight |
long cwt or cwt |
≡ 112 lb av |
= 50.802 345 44 kg |
| bag (coffee) |
|
≡ 60 kg |
= 60 kg |
| quintal (metric) |
q |
|
≡ 100 kg |
| wey |
|
≡ 252 lb = 18 st (variants exist) |
= 114.305 277 24 kg |
| long quarter (informal) |
|
≡ ¼ long tn |
= 254.011 727 2 kg |
| quarter (informal) |
|
≡ ¼ short tn |
= 226.796 185 kg |
| kip |
kip |
≡ 1000 lb av |
= 453.592 37 kg |
| short ton |
sh tn |
≡ 2000 lb |
= 907.184 74 kg |
| tonne (mts unit) |
t |
|
≡ 1000 kg |
| long ton |
long tn or ton |
≡ 2240 lb |
= 1016.046 908 8 kg |
| barge |
|
≡ 22 ½ sh tn |
= 20,411.656 65 kg |
| Zentner |
Ztr. |
Definitions vary; see and . See also discussion at |
|
In
physics, the
pound of mass is sometimes written
lbm to distinguish it from the
pound-force (
lbf). It shouldn't be read as the mongrel unit "pound metre".
Time
Time, t>
| Name of unit |
Symbol |
Definition |
Relation to SI units |
| second (SI base unit) |
s |
|
= 1 s |
| Planck time |
|
≡ (Gℏ/c5)½ |
≈ 1.351 211 818 s |
| atomic unit of time |
au |
≡ a0/(α·c) |
≈ 2.418 884 254 s |
| svedberg |
S |
≡ 10−13 s |
= 100 s
|
| shake |
|
≡ 10−8 s |
= 10 s |
| sigma |
|
≡ 10−6 s |
= 10 s |
| jiffy |
|
≡ 1/60 s |
≈ .016667 s |
| jiffy (alternate) |
|
≡ 1/100 s |
= 10 ms |
| helek |
|
≡ 1/1080 h |
≈ 3.333333 s |
| minute |
min |
|
≡ 60 s |
| milliday |
md |
≡ 86 400 s / 1000 |
≡ 86.4 s |
| moment |
|
≡ 90 s |
≡ 90 s |
| ke(traditional) |
|
≡ 1/100 d |
≡ 864 s |
| quarter (of an hour) |
ke |
≡ 1/96 d |
≡ 900 s |
| hour |
h |
≡ 60 min |
= 3600 s |
| day |
d |
≡ 24 h |
= 86 400 s |
| week |
wk |
≡ 7 d |
= 604 800 s |
| fortnight |
|
≡ 2 wk |
= 1 209 600 s |
| month (hollow) |
mo |
≡ 29 d |
= 2 505 600 s |
| month |
mo |
≡ 30 d |
= 2 592 000 s |
| month (full) |
mo |
≡ 31 d |
= 2 678 400 s |
| year (Calendar) |
a, y, or yr |
≡ 365 d |
= 31 536 000 s |
| year (Gregorian) |
a, y, or yr |
≡ 365.2425 d |
= 31 556 952 s |
| year (Julian) |
a, y, or yr |
≡ 365.25 d |
= 31 557 600 s |
| sidereal year |
a, y, or yr |
≡ 365.256363 d |
= 31 558 149.76 s |
| Olympiad |
|
≡ 4 a of 365 d |
= 1.2614 s |
| lustre; lustrum |
|
≡ 5 a of 365 d |
= 1.5768 s |
| octaeteris |
|
≡ 8 a of 365 d |
= 2.522 88 s |
| decade |
|
≡ 10 a of 365 d |
= 3.1536 s |
| enneadecaeteris; Metonic cycle |
|
≡ 110 mo (hollow) + 125 mo (full) = 19 a of 365 d |
= 5.996 16 s |
| Callippic cycle |
|
≡ 441 mo (hollow) + 499 mo (full) = 76 a of 365.25 d |
= 2.398 377 6 s |
| century (Calendar) |
|
≡ 100 a of 365 d |
= 3.1536 s |
| century (Julian) |
|
≡ 100 a of 365.25 d |
= 3.155 76 s |
| Hipparchic cycle |
|
≡ 4 Callippic cycles - 1 d |
= 9.593 424 s |
| millennium (Calendar) |
|
≡ 1000 a of 365 d |
= 3.1536 s |
| millennium (Gregorian) |
|
≡ 1000 a of 365.2425 d |
= 3.155 695 2 s |
| millennium (Julian) |
|
≡ 1000 a of 365.25 d |
= 3.155 76 s |
| Sothic cycle |
|
≡ 1461 a of 365 d |
= 4.607 409 6 s |
Speed or velocity
A
velocity consists of a speed combined with a direction; the speed part of the velocity takes units of speed.
Acceleration
Force
Force>
| Name of unit |
Symbol |
Definition |
Relation to SI units |
| newton (SI unit) |
N |
≡ kg·m/s² |
= 1 N |
| atomic unit of force |
au |
≡ me·α²·c²/a0 |
≈ 8.238 722 241 N |
| dyne (cgs unit) |
dyn |
≡ g·cm/s² |
= 10−5 N |
| milligrave-force, gravet-force |
mGf; gf |
≡ g × 1 g |
= 9.806 65 mN |
| poundal |
pdl |
≡ 1 lb·ft/s² |
= 0.138 254 954 376 N |
| ounce-force |
ozf |
≡ g × 1 oz |
= 0.278 013 850 953 781 2 N |
| pound-force |
lbf |
≡ g × 1 lb |
= 4.448 221 615 260 5 N |
| kilogram-force; kilopond; grave-force |
kgf; kp; Gf |
≡ g × 1 kg |
= 9.806 65 N |
| sthene (mts unit) |
sn |
≡ 1 t·m/s² |
= 1 N |
| kip; kip-force |
kip; kipf; klbf |
≡ g × 1000 lb |
= 4.448 221 615 260 5 N |
| ton-force |
tnf |
≡ g × 1 sh tn |
= 8.896 443 230 521 N |
See also: Conversion between weight (force) and mass
Pressure or mechanical stress
Pressure>
| Name of unit |
Symbol |
Definition |
Relation to SI units |
| atmosphere (standard) |
atm |
|
≡ 101 325 Pa |
| atmosphere (technical) |
at |
≡ 1 kgf/cm² |
= 98.0665 Pa
|
| pièze (mts unit) |
pz |
≡ 1000 kg/m·s² |
= 1 Pa |
| pound per square foot |
psf |
≡ 1 lbf/ft² |
≈ 47.880 25 Pa |
≈ 1.333 W |
| foot-pound-force per hour |
ft lbf/h |
≡ 1 ft lbf/h |
≈ 3.766 161 W |
| atmosphere cubic centimetre per minute |
atm ccm |
≡ 1 atm × 1 cm³/min |
= 1.688 75 W |
| foot-pound-force per minute |
ft lbf/min |
≡ 1 ft lbf/min |
= 2.259 696 580 552 334 W |
| atmosphere–cubic centimetre per second |
atm ccs |
≡ 1 atm × 1 cm³/s |
= 0.101 325 W |
| BTU (International Table) per hour |
BTUIT/h |
≡ 1 BTUIT/h |
≈ 0.293 071 W |
| atmosphere–cubic foot per hour |
atm cfh |
≡ 1 atm × 1 cu ft/h |
= 0.797 001 244 704 W |
| foot-pound-force per second |
ft lbf/s |
≡ 1 ft lbf/s |
= 1.355 817 948 331 400 4 W |
| litre-atmosphere per minute |
L·atm/min |
≡ 1 atm × 1 L/min |
= 1.688 75 W |
| calorie (International Table) per second |
calIT/s |
≡ 1 calIT/s |
= 4.1868 W |
| BTU (International Table) per minute |
BTUIT/min |
≡ 1 BTUIT/min |
≈ 17.584 264 W |
| atmosphere-cubic foot per minute |
atm·cfm |
≡ 1 atm × 1 cu ft/min |
= 47.820 074 682 24 W |
| square foot equivalent direct radiation |
sq ft EDR |
≡ 240 BTUIT/h |
≈ 70.337 057 W |
| litre-atmosphere per second |
L·atm/s |
≡ 1 atm × 1 L/s |
= 101.325 W |
| horsepower (metric) |
hp |
≡ 75 m kgf/s |
= 735.498 75 W |
| horsepower (European electrical) |
hp |
≡ 75 kp·m/s |
= 736 W |
| horsepower (Imperial mechanical) |
hp |
≡ 550 ft lbf/s |
= 745.699 871 582 270 22 W |
| horsepower (Imperial electrical) |
hp |
|
≡ 746 W |
| ton of air conditioning |
|
≡ 1 t × 1005 J/kg × 1 °R/K ÷ 10 min |
≈ 844.2 W |
| poncelet |
p |
≡ 100 m kgf/s |
= 980.665 W |
| BTU (International Table) per second |
BTUIT/s |
≡ 1 BTUIT/s |
= 1.055 055 852 62 W |
| atmosphere-cubic foot per second |
atm cfs |
≡ 1 atm × 1 cu ft/s |
= 2.869 204 480 934 4 W |
| ton of refrigeration (IT) |
|
≡ 1 BTUIT × 1 sh tn/lb ÷ 10 min/s |
≈ 3.516 853 W |
| ton of refrigeration (Imperial) |
|
≡ 1 BTUIT × 1 lng tn/lb ÷ 10 min/s |
≈ 3.938 875 W |
| boiler horsepower |
bhp |
≈ 34.5 lb/h × 970.3 BTUIT/lb |
≈ 9.810 657 W |
Angular momentum
Electric current
Electric charge
Electromotive force
Voltage, Electromotive force>
| Name of unit |
Symbol |
Definition |
Relation to SI units |
| volt (SI unit) |
V |
≡ kg·m²/(A·s³) |
= 1 V |
| abvolt (cgs unit) |
abV |
|
≡ 1 V |
| statvolt (cgs unit) |
statV |
≡ c· (1 μJ/A·m) |
= 299.792 458 V |
Electrical resistance
Electrical resistance>
| Name of unit |
Symbol |
Definition |
Relation to SI units |
| ohm (SI unit) |
Ω |
≡ V/A |
= kg·m²/(A²·s³) |
Dynamic viscosity
viscosity>
| Name of unit |
Symbol |
Definition |
Relation to SI units |
| pascal second (SI unit) |
Pa·s |
≡ N·s/m², kg/(m·s) |
= 1 Pa·s |
| poise (cgs unit) |
P |
|
≡ 10−1 Pa·s |
Kinematic viscosity
viscosity>
| Name of unit |
Symbol |
Definition |
Relation to SI units |
| SI unit |
m²/s |
≡ m²/s |
= 1 m²/s |
| stokes (cgs unit) |
St |
|
≡ 10−4 m²/s |
Information entropy
Information entropy>
| Name of unit |
Symbol |
Definition |
Relation to SI units |
| SI unit |
J/K |
≡ J/K |
= 1 J/K |
| nat; nip; nepit |
nat |
≡ kB |
= 1.3806505(23) × 10−23 J/K |
| bit; shannon |
bit; b; Sh |
≡ ln(2) × kB |
= 9.569940(16) × 10−24 J/K |
| ban; hartley |
ban; Hart |
≡ ln(10) × kB |
= 3.1790653(53) × 10−23 J/K |
| nibble |
|
≡ 4 bits |
= 3.8279760(64) × 10−23 J/K |
| byte |
B |
≡ 8 bits |
= 7.655952(13) × 10−23 J/K |
| kilobyte (decimal) |
kB |
≡ 1000 B |
= 7.655952(13) × 10−20 J/K |
| kilobyte (kibibyte) |
KB; KiB |
≡ 1024 B |
= 7.839695(13) × 10−20 J/K |
Often, information entropy is measured in shannons, whereas the (discrete) storage space of digital devices is measured in bits. Thus, uncompressed redundant data occupy more than one bit of storage per shannon of information entropy. The multiples of a bit listed above are usually used with this meaning. Other times the bit is used as a measure of information entropy and is thus a synonym of shannon.
Temperature
Note: see Temperature conversion for more detail
Temperature>
| Name of unit |
Symbol |
Definition |
Relation to SI units |
| kelvin (SI base unit) |
K |
|
1 K |
| degree Celsius |
°C |
|
[K] = [°C] + 273.15 |
| degree Rankine |
°R; °Ra |
|
[K] = [°R] × 5⁄9 |
| degree Fahrenheit |
°F |
|
[K] = ([°F] + 459.67) × 5⁄9 |
| degree Delisle |
°De |
|
[K] = 373.15 − [°De] × 2⁄3 |
| degree Newton |
°N |
|
[K] = [°N] × 100⁄33 + 273.15 |
| degree Réaumur |
°Ré |
|
[K] = [°Ré] × 5⁄4 + 273.15 |
| degree Rømer |
°Rø |
|
[K] = ([°Rø] − 7.5) × 40⁄21 + 273.15 |
Radioactivity
Radioactivity>
| Name of unit |
Symbol |
Definition |
Relation to SI units |
| Becquerel (SI base unit) |
Bq |
≡ disintegration per second s-1 |
= 1 Bq |
| Rutherford |
rd |
≡ 1 MBq |
= 1 * 105 Bq |
| curie |
Ci |
≡ 3.7 * 109 Bq |
= 3.7 * 109 Bq |
Radioactivity - absorbed dose
absorbed dose>
| Name of unit |
Symbol |
Definition |
Relation to SI units |
| Gray (SI base unit) |
Gy |
≡ 1gy = 1J/s = 1m2s-2 |
= 1 Gy |
| Rad |
rad |
≡ 0.01 Gy |
= 0.01 Gy |
Radioactivity - equivalent dose
Software tools
Home and office computers come with converters in bundled spreadsheet applications or can access free converters via the Internet. Units and measurements can be easily converted using these tools, but only if the units are explicitly defined and the conversion is compatible (for example, cmHg to kPa).
Free conversion software
General commercial sources of converters
Advanced electronic calculators have unit-conversion functionality.
Spreadsheet programs usually provide conversion functions or formulas or the user can write their own.
Commercial mathematical, scientific and technical applications often include converters.Further Information
Get more info on 'Conversion Of Units'.
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